Thickness labels describe different results
Plasma-cutter listings may show recommended, rated, quality, clean-cut and severance capacities. A quality rating is intended to describe a usable cut with manageable speed and edge condition. Severance is the thickest material the arc may split under favorable conditions, usually slowly and with more dross and bevel. It is not a normal production rating.
Compare at the same standard
A machine advertising a large severance number can look stronger than one displaying a conservative quality-cut rating. Find the manufacturer's cut chart or manual and compare capacity at similar amperage, speed and output quality. Published figures may assume a mechanized torch, particular gas, new consumables and clean mild steel.
Material and technique change the result
Stainless steel and aluminum behave differently from mild steel. Rust, paint, expanded metal, poor grounding, worn consumables and moving too slowly or quickly affect arc stability and edge quality. Piercing capacity can be lower than edge-start cutting capacity because molten metal is thrown back toward the torch.
Input power and duty cycle matter
Maximum output may require 240V even on a dual-voltage unit. Check duty cycle at the amperage used for your common thickness. Repeated long cuts on plate demand more cooling capacity than short brackets or sheet-metal work.
Buying checklist
- Use quality-cut capacity for routine work.
- Treat severance as an occasional upper limit.
- Check pierce capacity separately for CNC or closed shapes.
- Compare duty cycle and input voltage at required amperage.
- Read cut charts for the exact material and torch.
Sources and further reading
Thickness claims are not interchangeable. Use the manufacturer's cut chart and safety manual for the exact machine, torch, consumables and material.